Misinformation and Disinformation: Implications for Freedom of Religion of Belief

This report describes the use of misinformation and disinformation by governments to restrict freedom of religion or belief (FoRB). It notes that misinformation and disinformation by governments can amplify intolerance by individuals who then harass, intimidate, or threaten the targeted groups. It also signals to religious communities that governments will not ensure FoRB, which may stifle religious teaching, practice, worship, and observance. The report presents select examples of government misinformation and disinformation targeting religious minorities in China, India, Iran, Pakistan, and Russia. It urges the U.S. government to develop strategies to counter governments using misinformation and disinformation to encourage or justify restrictions on FoRB.