Additional Name(s): Patrick Zaki, باتريك جورج زكي
Gender: Male
Perpetrator: Egypt
Religion or Belief: Christian – Orthodox
Health Concerns: Asthma
Reports of Torture: Yes
Reports of Medical Neglect: No
Sentence: 3 Years' Imprisonment
Date of Detainment: July/18/2023
Date of Sentencing: July/18/2023
Date of Release: July/20/2023
Current Status: Released
Religious Leader: No
Most Recent Type of Abuse: Imprisonment
Reason for Persecution: Religious Expression Religious Identity
Nature of Charges: Spreading Propaganda & False or Misleading Ideas, Information, or Materials
Patrick George Zaki was imprisoned for his expression about his religious identity.
On February 7, 2020, authorities arrested Zaki, a graduate student and human rights researcher, at Cairo International Airport after he had returned home to Egypt from Italy. Zaki was reportedly beaten, stripped, and electrocuted by authorities before appearing with prosecutors. He was also verbally abused and threatened with sexual assault. Authorities originally charged Zaki with allegedly "joining a terrorist organization" and "spreading false information."
In September 2021, it was reported that Zaki had been indicted for “spreading false news inside and outside of the country” reportedly because of an opinion article he wrote in 2019 about being Coptic Christian in Egypt. In the article, titled “Displacement, Killing and Restriction: A Week’s Diaries of Egypt’s Copts," Zaki reacts to current events impacting Coptic Christians.
On December 7, 2021, the Mansoura Emergency State Security Court ordered Zaki's release pending trial.
On December 8, 2021, Zaki was released.
On July 18, 2023, the Emergency State Security Misdemeanors Court in Mansoura sentenced Zaki to three years in prison. He was taken into custody following the verdict.
On July 19, 2023, President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi pardoned Zaki.
On July 20, 2023, Zaki was released.
Zaki reportedly suffers from asthma which puts him at greater risk if he contracts COVID-19.
Photo attributed to the Egyptian Initiative for Personal Rights (CC BY-SA 4.0)
USCIRF Country Update: Religious Freedom Conditions in Egypt August 2023
"Two prominent Egyptian rights figures released from prison following pardon" Associated Press (AP)
"Egypt's president pardons researcher Patrick Zaki, lawyer El-Baqer - lawyers, presidential source" Reuters
USCIRF Chair Abraham Cooper, Tweet, July 19, 2023
"EIPR researcher Patrick Zaki sentenced to 3 years in prison by Emergency Court over an article" Egyptian Initiative for Personal Rights (EIPR)
USCIRF Chair Abraham Cooper, Tweet, July 18, 2023
USCIRF Commissioner Tony Perkins, Tweet, December 8, 2021
Egyptian Initiative for Personal Rights, Tweet, December 8, 2021
Egyptian Initiative for Personal Rights, Tweet, December 7, 2021
USCIRF Country Update: Religious Freedom in Egypt in 2021 November 2021
"After 19 months of Pre-trial Detention, Patrick Zaki’s Trial Begins Tomorrow before Emergency Court" Egyptian Initiative for Personal Rights (EIPR)
"Italian lawmakers want citizenship for jailed Egyptian" Associated Press (AP)
USCIRF Commissioner James Carr and Rep. French Hill (R-AR), Op-ed, April 24, 2021
"Letter protesting the ongoing detention of Patrick George Zaki" Middle East Studies Association Committee on Academic Freedom
"الجنايات تجدد حبس باتريك جورج 45 يوما.. وحملته: سيكمل عام في الحبس بعد 3 أسابيع.. نتمنى إطلاق سراحه" Darb
USCIRF Press Release: USCIRF Calls for Release of Ramy Kamel December 30, 2020
"Rights group: Egyptian court extends activist’s detention" Associated Press (AP)
U.S. Congressional Letter to Egyptian President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi, Senator Sherrod Brown (D-OH), Representatives Ro Khanna (D-CA) and James McGovern (D-MA), et al., October 19, 2020
"Egypt: Further Information: Human Rights Defender Detained and Tortured: Patrick Zaki George" Amnesty International
"Detained researcher’s lawyers say he was beaten, his arrest report falsified" Mada Masr
"An Egyptian Human Rights defender disappeared and tortured: EIPR Gender & Rights Researcher Patrick Zaki, arrested at Cairo airport, tortured and sent to Prosecutors after 24 hours of incommunicado detention. Prosecution ordered his detention for 15 days" Egyptian Initiative for Personal Rights (EIPR)